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The general notion of species is one of the most fundamental in biology. But an idea of species is also one of the most persistent unresolved obsessions of biologists, philosophers and theoreticians. This new book investigates the multifaceted problem species as a "conceptual envelope" of that notion. Contemporary conceptualists and evolutionary epistemology allow for a fresh look by analyzing the framework of history viewed as changes ordered by changing philosophical-scientific contexts. In this analysis, the species problem is characterized in a pluralistic non-trivial manner, in contrast to a more monistic "accepted view."
Key Features
Provides new insights into the persistent species "problem."
Focuses on conceptual history and identifies pivotal landmarks in the history of the concept of species.
Argues for a scientific consistency of species pluralism.
Discusses the "evolving species-hood" in the context of new essentialism.
Related Titles
• Wilkins, J. S, et al., eds. Species Problems and Beyond: Contemporary Issues in Philosophy and Practice (ISBN: 978-1-0322-2147-2)
• Mishler, B. D. What, if anything, are species? (ISBN: 978-1-4987-1454-9)
• Wilkins, J. S. Species: The Evolution of the Idea, Second Edition (ISBN: 978-1-1380-5574-2)
• Sigwart, J. D. What Species Mean: A User's Guide to the Units of Biodiversity (ISBN: 978-1-4987-9937-9)
Preface
About the Author
Introduction
The Species Problem In Broad Strokes on a Conceptual Historical Canvas
Developing Cognitive Situation
Structure of Cognitive Situation
Species, Species Concept, Species Problem
History on a Conceptualistic Account
A Historical Narrative of The Species Problem
Antique Natural Philosophy Species as Eidos
Classical Period The Birth of Genos and Eidos
Plato’s Eidology
Aristotle’s Ousiology
Aristotelian Polysemy The Problem Arises
Theophrastus’ Enquiry into Plants
Neoplatonists Porphyry’s Questions
The Middle Ages Species as Universalia
An Eve of Scholasticism The Beginning of Genus and Species
Realism Species Really Exists
Conceptualism Species Concept Refers to Something Real
Nominalism Species Concept Refers to Nothing Real
Genus-Species Scheme
The Renaissance and the Early Modern Times Species as Classification Unit
The Renaissance Turn and The “Second” Scholasticism
The Early Modern Times Natural-Classificatory Dualism
The Origin of Systematics Species of The Living
Herbal Epoch as a Precursor
From Cesalpino to Ray A Scholastic Legacy
Tournefort and Linnaeus Disconnection of Genus and Species
Adanson, Jussieu, etc The Birth of Natural Systematics
“Ladderists” Against “Systemists”
The Modern Times Species as Biological Unit
The Forerunners Initial Routs of Objectivation of Biological Species
Biblical Motifs
Generative Idea
The th Century and Beyond Biologization of The Species Problem
Evolutionary Idea Species as an Actor of Biological Evolution
Ecological Idea Species as a Component of Ecosystem
Biosystematics and Others Fall and Rise of Species
“Multiplication of Essences” The Kinds of Species
The Contemporary The Newest Issues
Species Definition A Conceptual Pyramid
Species Ontology New Questions
The “New Essentialism” An Evolving Specieshood?
If Not Species, Then What?
References
Index