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Basic Concepts of Clinical Electrophysiology in Audiologyis a revolutionary textbook, combining the research and expertise of both distinguished experts and up-and-coming voices in the field. By taking a multidisciplinary approach to the subject, the editors of this graduate-level text break down all aspects of electrophysiology to make it accessible to audiology students. In addition to defining the basics of the tools of the trade and their routine uses, the authors also provide ample presentations of new approaches currently undergoing continuing research and development. The goal of this textbook is to give developing audiologists a broad and solid basis of understanding of the methods in common or promising practice.
Throughout the text, individual chapters are divided into “episodes,” each examining a facet of the overarching chapter’s topic. With different experts handling each episode, readers are exposed to outstanding professionals in the field. This text singularly stitches together the chapters and their episodes to build from foundational concepts to more complex issues that clinicians are likely to face on their road to full clinical competency. As collections of episodes, the writers and editors thus endeavor to present a series of stories that build throughout the book, in turn allowing readers to build a broader interest in the subject.
Key Features
Heads Up sections in each chapter introduce more advanced content to expose readers to what lies beyond the basic level and further enhance the main chapter content and “entertainment value”Take home messages at the end of each chapter serve to focus the reader’s attention, encourage review, and discourage superficial learning by “just reading the abstract”More than 450 innovative illustrations use combinations of panels, insets, and/or gray tone to facilitate reader understanding, optimize portrayal of data, and unify concepts across chaptersNumerous case studies and references to practical clinical issues and results are included throughout the bookKeywords are highlighted in-text to improve both attention and retention of critical terms and ease of returning to review themFor instructors, access to the PluralPlus companion website with PowerPoint lecture slides
Foreword
Special Message to Student Readers and Others Aspiring Toward Competent Use of Clinical Neurophysiology in Audiology
Special Message to Instructors Adopting This Textbook
Dedication
Basic Concepts of Clinical Electrophysiology in Audiology
Prequel—A Peek at the Auditory Evoked Potentials and Areas of Application
Heads Up: Like in Space, It Takes Time to Travel Along the Auditory Pathway—So What?
Signals and Systems Essentials
Signal Generation, Analysis, and Conditioning—Analog Versus Digital Perspectives
Temporal Versus Spectral Views: The Saga Continues—Impulsive Versus Steady State
Heads Up: Prequel 2: Why Are Computers So Important in This Area of Audiology and Are They Everywhere?
Signal-Issues Particular to Stimulating the Auditory System and the Importance of Being Calibrated
Heads Up: Wideband Transmission and the Middle Ear Bottleneck
Electrically Connecting to Humans To Access Their Auditory Neurosensory Systems
Bioelectric Basics, Interface Dilemmas, and Electrode Montages/Caps— One Size Fits All?
Functional Neuroanatomy of “AEP Space” and Underlying Neurophysiological Bases
Heads Up: Need That Like a Hole in the Head? What About a Nail? A Case in Point!
Stimulating the Auditory System and the How and Why of an “Evoked” Response
Extracting the Response’s Signal From Noise Background
The Good, Bad, and Ugly—Optimizing Response Extraction From Background Noise and How Signal Processing May Become Too Much
Heads Up: Interlude—And You Don’t Even Have To Raise Your Hand When You Hear the Beep
Evoking Responses of the Peripheral Auditory System
First Sign Something’s Going On in There: An Acoustic Response of the Inner Ear
Heads Up: Otoacoustic Emission Without Turning On Sound? Who Knew?
CM, SP, and AP: Not Alphabet Soup and First Signs AEPs Are Afoot!
Electrocochleography: How Do Electrical Signals Get From Hearing Organs to the “Outside” and What Good Are They?
Heads Up: Intriguing ECochG App: Sensing Weakened Wall of Semicircular Canal
What More Can Electrocochleography Teach, Including About What to Expect Later?
Evoking Responses of the Central Auditory System:Testing the Brainstem
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential: General Interpretation—Its Nature and Peripheral Versus Central Systems Aspects
Heads Up: Binaural Interaction in Auditory Brainstem Potentials
Brainstem Responses to Complex Stimuli—Frequency and Envelope Following Responses
Heads Up: Speech-Evoked EFR and FFR
Auditory Steady-State Response—80-Hz Response
Evoked Potential Audiometry Using Auditory Brainstem Response/ Auditory Steady-State Response Measurements
Differential Diagnostic Applications
Double-Headers Up
Heads Up: Differential Diagnostic Case Studies and the Challenge of Auditory Neuropathy
Heads Up: Postauricular Muscle Response—Friend/Foe/Why Care?
Testing Midbrain and Cortical Projection Pathways
Auditory Middle Latency Response and 40-Hz Auditory Steady-State Response—Signals En Route to the Cortex
Why Evoked Response Audiometry (ERA) Using AMLR or 40-Hz ASSR Measures
Differential Diagnostic Applications of AMLR
Heads Up: BIC Update—Whither Beyond Pontine CANS
Cortical Level Testing
Call Them Late, But They Were the First AEPs for Practical ERA—LLRs
Why ERA Using Cortical Response Measurement
Heads Up: A Case Spared Operative Treatment Thanks to Testing of Both Brainstem and Cortical AEPs
Late-Late Shows in AEPdom—Beyond Obligatory Potentials: When Just Turning On the Same Stimulus Is Not Enough
Double-Headers Up
Heads Up: Peek at EEG Analyses Via Advanced Signal Processing
Heads Up: The Change Potential—Sometimes What’s Later Tells More
Difficult-to-Test Patients—General Methods and Newborn Screening
Screening Hearing Responses Versus Threshold Estimation and Estimating Audiometric Configuration
Bone Conduction Testing—A Special Challenge, Yet Efficacious With Understanding
Testing Patients Under Natural Sleep or Medically Induced Sedation/Unconsciousness
Heads Up: Testing Patients Who “Exaggerate” Their Hearing Thresholds
Testing Patients With Cochlear or Brainstem Implants
Testing Potentially Beyond Hearing-Related Yet of Interest in Audology the Profession
Heads Up: Not Only Electric Fields, Magnetic Fields Too—Confirming Origins
Quick Look at Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Other Evoked Potentials
Heads Up: A Case of Elective Surgery That Could Have Gone Badly Were It Not for IONM
Whose Land Is This?