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This Open Access volume highlights how tree ring stable isotopes have been used to address a range of environmental issues from paleoclimatology to forest management, and anthropogenic impacts on forest growth. It will further evaluate weaknesses and strengths of isotope applications in tree rings. In contrast to older tree ring studies, which predominantly applied a pure statistical approach this book will focus on physiological mechanisms that influence isotopic signals and reflect environmental impacts. Focusing on connections between physiological responses and drivers of isotope variation will also clarify why environmental impacts are not linearly reflected in isotope ratios and tree ring widths. This volume will be of interest to any researcher and educator who uses tree rings (and other organic matter proxies) to reconstruct paleoclimate as well as to understand contemporary functional processes and anthropogenic influences on native ecosystems. The use of stable isotopes in biogeochemical studies has expanded greatly in recent years, making this volume a valuable resource to a growing and vibrant community of researchers.
Isotope Dendrochronology: Historical Perspective
Dendrochronology: Fundamentals and Innovations
Anatomical, Developmental and Physiological Bases of Tree-Ring Formation in Relation to Environmental Factors
Methods
Sample Collection and Preparation for Annual and Intra-annual Tree-Ring Isotope Chronologies
Stable Isotope Signatures of Wood, its Constituents and Methods of Cellulose Extraction
Tree-Ring Stable Isotope Measurements: The Role of Quality Assurance and Quality Control to Ensure High Quality Data
Newer Developments in Tree-Ring Stable Isotope Methods
Isotopic Fractionations from Source to Wood
Isotopes—Terminology, Definitions and Properties
Carbon Isotope Effects in Relation to CO2 Assimilation by Tree Canopies
Environmental, Physiological and Biochemical Processes Determining the Oxygen Isotope Ratio of Tree-Ring Cellulose
The Stable Hydrogen Isotopic Signature: From Source Water to Tree Rings
Nitrogen Isotopes in Tree Rings—Challenges and Prospects
Postphotosynthetic Fractionation in Leaves, Phloem and Stem
Physiological Interpretations
Limits and Strengths of Tree-Ring Stable Isotopes
Post-photosynthetic Carbon, Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotope Signal Transfer to Tree Rings—How Timing of Cell Formations and Turnover of Stored Carbohydrates Affect Intra-annual Isotope Variations
Probing Tree Physiology Using the Dual-Isotope Approach
Intrinsic Water-Use Efficiency Derived from Stable Carbon Isotopes of Tree-Rings
Environmental Factors Impacting the Isotopic Fractionation
Spatial and Temporal Variations in Plant Source Water: O and H Isotope Ratios from Precipitation to Xylem Water
Climate Signals in Stable Isotope Tree-Ring Records
Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings of Boreal Forests
Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings of Mediterranean Forests
Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings of Tropical Forests
Forest Management and Tree-Ring Isotopes
Impact of Increasing CO2, and Air Pollutants (NOx, SO2, O3) on the Stable Isotope Ratios in Tree Rings
Insect and Pathogen Influences on Tree-Ring Stable Isotopes
Process-Based Ecophysiological Models of Tree-Ring Stable Isotopes