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This book examines rare earth elements (REEs), materials, and metals that are critical to modern life. These serve as crucial ingredients in the latest technologies including electronics, electric motors, magnets, batteries, generators, energy storage systems (supercapacitors/pseudocapacitors), specialty alloys, and other emerging applications. REEs are used in various sectors including health care, transportation, power generation, petroleum refining, and consumer electronics. The Science of Rare Earth Elements: Concepts and Applications defines these elements, their histories, properties, and current and potential future applications across a wide range of industries across the world. It also discusses the environmental benefits, such as components in electric vehicles, wind turbines, solar applications, and energy storage systems. Conversely, the book also examines the liabilities of mining these REEs.
Conversion Factors and SI Units
About the Author
The Foundation
The Vitamins of Modern Industry
Basic Chemistry Review
Rare Earth Elements
Information Please!
The 17
Rare in the United States?
U.S. Phosphorite Deposits
Placer Rare Earth Elements Deposits
Environmental Aspects
Life-Cycle of REE Mines
Excess and Unused Materials
REE Processing
Rare Earth Element Recovery and Recycling
REE: Human Health and Environmental Risks