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This volume, the third in this Springer series, contains selected papers from the four workshops organized by the ESF Research Networking Programme "The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective" (PSE) in 2010: Pluralism in the Foundations of Statistics Points of Contact between the Philosophy of Physics and the Philosophy of Biology The Debate on Mathematical Modeling in the Social Sciences Historical Debates about Logic, Probability and Statistics The volume is accordingly divided in four sections, each of them containing papers coming from the workshop focussing on one of these themes. While the programme's core topic for the year 2010 was probability and statistics, the organizers of the workshops embraced the opportunity of building bridges to more or less closely connected issues in general philosophy of science, philosophy of physics and philosophy of the special sciences. However, papers that analyze the concept of probability for various philosophical purposes are clearly a major theme in this volume, as it was in the previous volumes of the same series. This reflects the impressive productivity of probabilistic approaches in the philosophy of science, which form an important part of what has become known as formal epistemology - although, of course, there are non-probabilistic approaches in formal epistemology as well. It is probably fair to say that Europe has been particularly strong in this area of philosophy in recent years.​
Dutch Book Arguments and Imprecise Probabilities
Objectifying Subjective Probabilities: Dutch Book Arguments for Principles of Direct Inference
The Foundations of Statistics: Inference vs. Decision
On the Verisimilitude of Tendency Hypotheses
Tweety, or Why Probabilism and even Bayesianism Need Objective and Evidential Probabilities
Pluralism in Probabilistic Justification
One Size Does Not Fit All: Proposal for a Prior-adapted BIC
Mathematical Biology and the Existence of Biological Laws
On Empirical Generalisations
The Limits of Interventionism – Causality in the Social Sciences
Causal Realism
Structural Invariants, Structural Kinds, Structural Laws
Santa’s Gift of Structural Realism
The Resilience of Laws and the Ephemerality of Objects: Can a Form of Structuralism be Extended to Biology?
Natural Kinds, Conceptual Change, and the Duck-Bill Platypus: LaPorte on Incommensurability
Essentialism About Kinds: An Undead Issue in the Philosophies of Physics and Biology?
Biological Laws and Kinds Within a Conservative Reductionist Framework
Why It Is Time to Move Beyond Nagelian Reduction
Probability, Indeterminism and Biological Processes
Bayesianism, Convergence and Molecular Phylogenetics
Quantities as Realistic Idealizations
Mathematics as Quasi-matter to Build Models as Instruments
Mathematical Models and Economic Forecasting: Some Uses and Mis-Uses of Mathematics in Economics
Technomathematical Models in the Social Sciences
The Use of Mathematics in Physics and Economics: A Comparison
Mathematics in Cognitive Science
What Can the Social Sciences Learn from the Process of Mathematization in the Natural Sciences
Probability, Statistics, and Law
Experiments in Political Science: The Case of the Voting Rules
The Beginning of Model Theory in the Algebra of Logic
Incomplete Symbols and the Theory of Logical Types
Statistical Thinking between Natural and Social Sciences and the Issue of the Unity of Science: from Quetelet to the Vienna Circle
The Backbone of the Straw Man Popper’s Critique of the Vienna Circle’s Inductivism
Carnap’s Logic of Science and Personal Probability
Erwin Schrödinger, Vienna Indeterminist
Some Historical and Philosophical Aspects of Quantum Probability Theory and its Interpretation