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This book introduces in a non-traditional way the laws of physical chemistry and its history starting in the 16th century. It reveals to the reader how physical chemists try to understand chemical processes in terms of physical laws. Hydrogen is the main focus of the book as its simplicity makes the relevant laws of nature easy to explain and its role in energetics in the near future is clear. With the basics at hand, the importance of hydrogen as a raw material in the industry and as an energy carrier in the near future is made clear. Only simple chemical processes are discussed and very little mathematics is used. Both the pleasure and use of this field of research are revealed to the interested reader. The expected readership is made of high school students, non-chemistry major freshmen, and general audience with an interest in chemistry. The real aim of this book is to prompt the reader to wonder.
About the Author
Toward Science
Farewell to Alchemy—Paracelsus
Fruitful Doubts—Boyle
The Birth of Physical Chemistry—Lavoisier
The Balloon
Further Reading
Between Chemistry and Physics
The Well-Chosen Unit of Mass
Atoms Counted and Weighed
The Ideal of a Gas
The Reality of Gases—From Gas to Liquid
The Science of Possibilities—Thermodynamics
Pressure and Temperature—Inside
Predictions on Molar Heat
New Physics?
Things Lost, Conserved and Born
Rule and Exception
On Molar Heat—Once More
The Hydrogen Atom—Is Something Revolving and Spinning?
Atoms—Electrons Are Unaccommodating
The Hydrogen Molecule—To Have Some Elbow Room
Different Kinds of the Hydrogen Molecule?
Different Kinds of the Hydrogen Atom?
Water
Further Reading
Which Way and How Fast
Hydrogen and Fertilizer
The Double Arrow—Chemical Equilibrium
Time Counts—Rates of the Changes
Real Processes Are Rarely Simple
How to Produce Ammonia
Further Reading
Chemistry of the Outer Space
Further Reading
Hydrogen and Energy
Some Questions About Near-Future Energetics
Direct Storage of Electric Energy
Hydrogen Energetics
Hydrogen Production in the Future Continuous Tense
Water Decomposition by Heat
Water Electrolysis
Sunlight and Hydrogen
Water Decomposition with Solar Heat
Water Decomposition with Sunshine
Hydrogen Storage in Solids
Further Reading
Conclusions