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Tunnels represent the most expensive engineering structures where in addition the greatest difficulties may be encountered during achievement. This may account for the fact that since the completion of the major railway networks in Europe end North America i.e. since the second half of the last and the first decades of the present century, the technique of tunnelling did not keep pace with the development in other technical fields and the literature of tunnelling has also shown the signs of a certain decline. After the second World War however the large-scale construction of hydraulic power-stations just as the rapidly increasing tasks of urban communication and utility conduits as well as the defence of big industrial plants - against war perils — again lent a new impetus to subterranean construction in general. It must be considered, on the other hand, that during the elapsed period construction technique (that of tunnel construction included) had undergone a very significant development. The advent of new construction materials, technique and equipment had to transform tunnelling methods, too. This experience, however, was accessible only in short articles or reports scattered in various technical journals and publications