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The Encyclopedia of Cosmology, in four volumes, is a major, long-lasting, seminal reference at the graduate student level, laid out by the most prominent, respected researchers in the general field of Cosmology. These volumes will be a comprehensive review of the most important concepts and current status in the field, covering both theory and observation. One of the attractive features of the encyclopedia is that it is accompanied by supplementary materials including videos and simulations of the numerical computation. This will help the readers to better understand and visualize the concepts discussed. This encyclopedia is edited by Dr. Giovanni Fazio from Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, with an advisory board comprised of renowned scientists: Lars Hernquist and Abraham Loeb (Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), and Christopher McKee (UC Berkeley). Each volume is authored/edited by a specialist in the area: Galaxy Formation and Evolution written by Rennan Barkana (Tel Aviv University), Numerical Simulations in Cosmology edited by Kentaro Nagamine (Osaka University / University of Nevada), Dark Energy written by Shinji Tsujikawa (Tokyo University of Science), and Dark Matter written by Jihn Kim (Seoul National University).
Galaxy Formation and Evolution
Preface
Basic Theory of Galaxy Formation
Introduction
Review of Cosmology
Statistics of Galaxy Formation
Linear Perturbation Theory and the Power Spectrum
Non-linear Processes and Dark Matter Halos
Stellar Dynamics and the Virial Theorem
Galactic Disks and Spiral Structure
Gravitational Lensing
Summary and Conclusions
Early Galaxies and 21-cm Cosmology
Overview
Galaxy Formation: High-redshift Highlights
21-cm Cosmology
The Supersonic Streaming Velocity
Cosmic Milestones of Early Radiative Feedback
21-cm Signatures of the First Stars
Summary and Conclusions
Numerical Simulations in Cosmology
Preface
List of Videos
Overview: Cosmological Framework and the History of Computational Cosmology
Cosmological N-Body Simulations
Hydrodynamic Methods for Cosmological Simulations
First Stars in Cosmos
First Galaxies and Massive Black Hole Seeds
Galaxy Formation and Evolution
Secular Evolution of Disk Galaxies
Cosmic Gas and the Intergalactic Medium
Computational Modeling of Galaxy Clusters
Index
Dark Energy
Preface
Introduction
Expanding Universe
General Relativity
Cosmic Expansion History
Observational Evidence of Dark Energy at the Background Level
Cosmological Perturbation Theory
Physics of CMB Temperature Anisotropies
Observational Probes for Dark Energy from CMB, Galaxy Clusterings, BAO, Weak Lensing
Cosmological Constant
Modified Matter Models of Dark Energy
Modified Gravity Models of Dark Energy
Horndeski Theories and Cosmological Perturbations
Second-order Massive Vector Theories
Screening Mechanisms of Fifth Forces
Effective Field Theory of Dark Energy
Conclusions
Appendix A: Equations of Motion in Horndeski Theories
Appendix B: Effective Mass Term in Horndeski Theories
Index
Dark Matter
Dedication
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Dark Matter Production in the Universe
Dark Matter and Large Scale Structures in the Universe
Symmetry Principles
Extended Objects
Bosonic Collective Motion
WIMPs and E-WIMPs
Baryogenesis and ADM
Detection
Index