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REVIEW OF ANALYTIC GEOMETRY
The points in a plane can be identified with ordered pairs of real numbers. We start bydrawing two perpendicular coordinate lines that intersect at the origin on each one line is horizontal with positive direction to the right and is called the -axis the other line is vertical with positive direction upward and is called the point in the plane can be located by a unique ordered pair of numbers as lines through perpendicular to the - and -axes. These lines intersect the axes inpoints with coordinates and as shown in Figure 1. Then the point is assigned theordered pair . The first number is called the x-coordinateof  the second numberis called the y-coordinateof . We say that is the point with coordinates , andwe denote the point by the symbol . Several points are labeled with their coordi-nates in Figure reversing the preceding process we can start with an ordered pair and arriveat the corresponding point